Sunday, October 7, 2007

The Differences between Anxiety and Teen Depression

Anxiety

About half the children experiencing depression also experience anxiety. Anxiety is easy to overlook because a child may not talk about his fears, especially if he’s an adolescent. Young children tend to be much more open and at ease in sharing their fears and worries.

Anxiety usually takes one of two forms:

1. A generalized anxiety disorder
2. Anxiety related to panic attacks.

Symptoms of generalized anxiety relate to feelings of restlessness, being on edge, being overwhelmed, having difficulty concentrating, and experiencing muscle tension or sleep disturbance. With generalized anxiety, there may be more fears, but they aren’t as intense as when a panic attack is involved.

The most common forms of a panic attack in children relate to school phobia or separation anxiety when a child is asked to leave the physical proximity of a parent. Children in these situations may become so anxious that they throw up, have major temper tantrums, and act defiant, even if they’re usually well behaved.

The Differences between Anxiety and Depression

Anxiety differs from depression in that an anxious child usually has more energy and doesn’t have as much negative attitude toward life. Instead, the anxious child is afraid and has fears that impede his ability to meet the demands placed on him. Anxiety can have a negative impact on his ability to attend school, engage in social activities, and simply be able to relax.

While the anxious child may avoid participating in activities, he does so for a different reason than the depressed child. The anxious child tries to avoid dealing with situations that make his nervous. The depressed child avoids dealing with a situation because he lacks the energy and frustration tolerance to deal with it. The anxious child also experiences the stress of perceived negative events more intensely.

But there’s one way in which anxiety and depression are similar. Threats regarding the negative consequences of a child’s behavior almost never produce the desired results. Instead, they’ll probably make the situation worse. Threatening an anxious child will only cause more anxiety and lead to an “Oh, on!” response. The depressed child may not react to the threat because he doesn’t have the energy or motivation to care, which results in a “So what?” response.

Monday, October 1, 2007

Myths about Depression in the Young


When dealing with children and adolescents, it is important not to write off their feelings or brush them aside. There are many myths about depression in the young, which we must be careful not to fall prey to:

1. It is normal for teens to be moody. This is not true. Feeling sad is different from having a depressive disorder. Normal mood swings of adolescence will not impair the person’s functioning or cause them to commit suicide.

2. Depressed people are mentally weak and need to pull themselves together. Depression is an illness that needs treatment. Teenagers with this illness cannot just pull themselves together and get well. They need help.

3. Talking about depression only makes it worse. Part of helping children and adolescents with depression is to allow them to talk through their problems and help them to process relevant issues in their thinking patterns or difficulties in their interpersonal relationships. Talking about depression gives them an outlet and can make things better.

4. People who talk about suicide do not commit suicide. In a local study of teens who committed suicide in 2003, it was found that about 50 per cent wrote a suicide note. In a much larger study by local psychiatrists, many depressed teens also informed people close to them of their sadness and intention to kill themselves.

5. Telling on a friend is betraying a trust. When a child or adolescent is depressed, he/she sees the world in a different light. If he/she needs help, he/she may not know how to ask for it. Helping a friend who is depressed is not betraying their trust. Without help, your friend may have very little hope of getting out of it.


Tips for Parents

There is no such thing as a perfect parent, just as there is no such thing as a perfect teen. Don’t blame yourself if you find that your teen is depressed. Here are some things you can do to find a solution:

i) Understanding Your Teen. You understand your teen best. Your teen’s temperament will determine how she/he can be handled. Different techniques work for different teens. Recognize that your teen has feelings too.

ii) Understanding Yourself. Be aware of your own emotions. If you are stressed, it would be difficult to look after your teens. Taking care of yourself is the first step to being a good parent. If you cannot handle your own emotions, neither can your teen.

iii) Understanding Techniques. A variety of techniques are available to help parents deal with teens.

  • Behavior modification is based on reinforcing good behavior and avoiding reinforcement of bad behavior. This is commonly used in young children who respond rapidly to rewards and punishments.
  • Older children may need more subtle handling through using responsibilities and consequences. Read up on different techniques from books on parenting, and apply them to your teen, bearing in mind the first two points.


Getting a Grip on Depression

1. Children and adolescents can be depressed.

2. Depression is a medical condition and needs a medical evaluation.

3. Depressed children and adolescents may be missed because they are quiet and withdraw.

4. Depression can lead to suicide.

5. Depression can be treated but needs to be identified first.

6. Good relationships protect against depression.

7. Depression can be prevented by good parenting that promotes resilience and protects against excessive stress.